Most of those are easy to do. Like the anti-collision system mentioned above. There are very many reasons why that is not easy to implement.

It starts with the fact that the politicians have no idea of what needs to happen.

The administrators have no interest other than pleasing their masters and ensuring promotions and after-retirement postings for themselves.

The employees have no interst other than getting the mostest for the least effort.

The public sector units of the railways have done less than nothing in the last sixty years. Less than nothing happens when existing standards are continuously diluted.

We still end up importing most of what we need to maintain a standard which is third rate, but we do it through PSUs which pushes up the cost by a. putting much of what we get outside an open bidding system. b. preventing private units or foreign companies to establish local manufacture c. newer things like metro rail units come with zero local content – not even mats and window panes.

To get an idea of what should have been happening compare the corresponding car and bus industries. Local production of world class cars and buses by Indian labour with 70%+ local content is happening at prices lower than those elsewhere.

Even things that have been talked about are beyond us for reasons shrouded in mystery. To name just three which can be done TOMORROW: a. chemical toilets and b. secure level crossings, and c. clean food and water at stations and in trains.

I could write a book but there is not much point.

(PS: By the way even the anti collision system mentioned above uses parts and technologies mostly imported from the hated capitalist west. Which many, or even most readers and maybe even the author of this blog, may find unpalatable. The patents granted in Russia and China are Design Patents for the technology, not for its constiuents which are separatey patented by their respective designers and rights holders who are mostly westerners. Elsewhere such patents are difficult to get unless the rightsholders also give their consent.)